Umbiko wocwaningo lwemboni ye-Glass fiber: Imodeli yezinto ezihlanganisiwe, umjikelezo nokukhula kuyaphilisana

1 Imodeli ye-Glass fiber composite material, esetshenziswa emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yomnotho wezwe

1.1 I-Glass fiber - ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-inorganic non-metallic material

I-Glass fiber ukusebenza okuphezulu, izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza.I-Glass fiber yazalwa ngawo-1930, iyi-pyrophyllite, isihlabathi se-quartz, i-limestone, i-dolomite, i-borite, i-boromite nezinye izinto eziyinhloko zamaminerali kanye ne-boric acid, umlotha we-soda nezinye izinto zamakhemikhali zokukhiqiza izinto ezingezona ezensimbi.Ngesisindo esilula, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu nokuphansi, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukugqumisa ukushisa, i-flame retardant, ukumuncwa komsindo, ukufakwa kukagesi nezinye izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu kanye nezinga elithile lokuklama kokusebenza, kuyimpahla enhle kakhulu yokusebenza kanye nesakhiwo sesakhiwo.Eminyakeni yamuva nje, izinto eziqinisiwe zengilazi ze-thermoplastic ziye zathuthuka ngokushesha, futhi imikhiqizo emisha efana ne-glass fibre yaqiniswa izinto zokwakha, i-fiber emifushane kanye nezinto eziqinisiwe eziqondile ze-fiber ibe yizinto ezintsha ezivelele zokuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-glass fiber.Ukusetshenziswa komucu wengilazi kuye kwanda kusukela emikhakheni yezimboni yendabuko efana nempahla yokwakha, izinto zikagesi, ezokuthutha ngojantshi, i-petrochemical, ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto kuya emikhakheni esafufusa efana ne-aerospace, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla omoya, ukusefa nokususwa kothuli, ubunjiniyela bemvelo, nobunjiniyela basolwandle.

Umgomo wokuhlukanisa uhlukile, futhi izinhlobo ze-fiber zengilazi zihlukile.Ngokwefomu lomkhiqizo ohlukile kanye nenqubo yokukhiqiza, imikhiqizo ye-glass fiber yenkampani ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-roving, spun ntambo, imikhiqizo yokuzulazula, imikhiqizo ye-spun ntambo izigaba ezine.Ukuzulazula kuhlanganisa intambo eqondile, intambo ye-ply kanye nentambo enqamulelayo;Intambo ecolekileyo ingahlukaniswa ibe yintambo yokusonta yokuqala, intambo yokusonta kabili, intambo enkulu kanye nentambo eqondile.Imikhiqizo ezulazulayo ihlanganisa indwangu ye-multi-axial, indwangu ye-plaid, ukuzwa;Imikhiqizo yezintambo ezinhle ihlanganisa indwangu kagesi kanye nendwangu yezimboni.Ngokwezinto ezihlukene ze-matrix resin ezifanisiwe, ingahlukaniswa nge-thermosetting glass fiber kanye ne-thermoplastic glass fiber izigaba ezimbili.

I-matrix resins ehambisana ne-glass fiber ye-thermosetting resin yi-phenolic resin, i-urea-formaldehyde resin, i-epoxy resin, i-unsaturated resin, i-polyurethane nokunye.I-Thermosetting resin iyi-polymer eqondile noma ye-branched-chain ngaphambi kokuphulukiswa, futhi ngemva kokuphulukiswa kokushisa, amabhondi amakhemikhali ayakhiwa phakathi kwamaketanga amangqamuzana ukuze abe uhlaka lwenethiwekhi olunezinhlangothi ezintathu, olwakheka kanye futhi olungashisiswa futhi.Isetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni edinga ukufeza ukufakwa kokushisa, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukufakwa kwe-insulation, i-voltage ephezulu kanye neminye imiphumela, njengama-wind blades namabhodi wesifunda.

Ama-matrix resins afana ne-glass fiber ye-thermoplastic resin ikakhulukazi i-polyolefin, i-polyamide, i-polyester, i-polycarbonate, i-polyformaldehyde njalonjalo.I-Thermoplastic resin iyisisindo samangqamuzana aphezulu esiqinile ekamelweni lokushisa, iwumugqa noma i-polymer yamaketango ambalwa, akukho okuxhumanisa phakathi kwama-molecule, kuphela ngamandla ka-van der Waals noma isibopho se-hydrogen ukuze adonsene.Enqubweni yokubumba, i-resin ye-thermoplastic iyathambisa futhi igeleze ngemva kokushisa kwengcindezi, ngaphandle kokuphambana kwamakhemikhali, futhi ingabunjwa ekubunjweni, futhi imikhiqizo enomumo odingekayo ingenziwa ngokupholisa.Isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukufeza ukuqina, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nokukhathala neminye imiphumela yensimu, njengokukhiqiza izimoto, izinto zasendlini, izinto zikagesi, izinto zokwakha.Ngemuva kokuthi i-thermoplastic glass fiber composite ilashiwe futhi selehlile, isengakwazi ukufinyelela uketshezi ngokushisisa kabusha futhi ibe nokuphinda kusetshenziswe okuhle.

Iziko lethangi lokukhiqiza ifayibha yengilazi liwumdwebo oyinhloko, ocijilekayo odonswa kancane kancane emakethe.Kunezinqubo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza i-fibre yengilazi, ehlukaniswe yaba ukwakheka okubili - indlela yokudweba ucingo lwe-crucible kanye nokwakheka - indlela yokudweba ucingo lwe-pool kiln.Indlela yokudweba i-Crucible wire: inqubo iyinkimbinkimbi, ingilazi eluhlaza iyancibilika ibe yibhola lengilazi ekushiseni okuphezulu, bese ibhola lengilazi lincibilika kabili, futhi umdwebo wocingo olunesivinini esikhulu wenziwa ngentambo ye-glass fiber.Indlela yokudweba ucingo lwe-pool kiln: izinto zokusetshenziswa ezifana ne-pyrophylla ziyancibilika kuhhavini ukuze kwenziwe isixazululo sengilazi, futhi ama-bubbles ayasuswa futhi athuthelwe epuleti lokuvuza elinezimbotshana ngomzila, futhi i-fiber yengilazi idonswa ngesivinini esikhulu.Iziko lingaxhuma amakhulukhulu amapuleti avuzayo ngokusebenzisa iziteshi eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa.Uma kuqhathaniswa nendlela yokudweba ucingo lwe-crucible, inqubo yokudweba izintambo ze-pool kiln ilula, ukonga amandla kanye nokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa, ukwakheka okuzinzile, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kanye nesivuno esiphezulu, futhi ilungele ukukhiqizwa okuzenzakalelayo okuphelele, osekuphenduke umkhiqizo ojwayelekile wamazwe ngamazwe. inqubo, futhi ubukhulu be-fiber yengilazi obukhiqizwa yile nqubo bubalelwa ngaphezu kwama-90% womkhiqizo womhlaba wonke.